to Speech =MAst Inro DNG MST?
MacNeilage (1998) hypothesizes that the movements of the tongue and jaw in speech (which he terms
</Q>cyclicities</R>) evolved from their movements in infantile babbling. This idea has its supporters and detractors but is superficially very appealing. No one has yet attempted, as far as we know, to test it experimentally. This idea is particularly relev
ant if one is interested in the evolution of speech, since, as should become clear within the body of this review, human tongue behavior in feeding builds on the patterns of movement in the hyolingual complex observed in other mammals.
It is, therefore, reasonable to hypothesize that the matrix of tongue movements during human speech was derived from the wide variety of tongue movements found in suckling and feeding, although this view is controversial.
to 3x3 matrix
Hiemae palmer (2003)
Recent anatomical research in non-human mammals has shown that the intrinsic muscles can best be regarded as a
</Q>laminated segmental system</R> with tightly packed layers of the
</Q>transverse</R>, </Q>longitudinal</R>, and </Q>vertical</R> muscle fibers. Each segment receives separate innervation from branches of the hypoglosssal nerve. These new anatomical findings are contributing to the development of functional models of the t
ongue, many based on increasingly refined finite element modeling techniques. They also begin to explain the observed behavior of the jaw-hyoid-tongue complex, or the hyomandibular
</Q>kinetic chain</R>, in feeding and consecutive speech. Similarly
Hiiemea to Speech same as mast and speech...
to IntroDNG MAST p1 /A4
Although there is a fundamental dichotomy between the referential framework and the methodological approach to studies of the orofacial complex in feeding and speech, it is clear that many of the shapes adopted by the tongue in speaking are seen in feed
ing. It is suggested that the range of shapes used in feeding is the matrix for both behaviors.
also see Folkins and Kuehn, 1982). Folkins and Kuehn advance the concept of
</Q>bidirectionality</R>, in which they recognize that movement in one part of the system affects all the others.
McNeilage3.sam !!!NOT FOUND IN THIS: Department of Psychology,University of Texas atThe frame/content theory of evolution of speech production
Peter F. MacNeilage
For example, Cohen (1988) makes the astonishing claim
that an evolutionary continuity in a biphasic vertebrate
locomotory cycle of flexion and extension can be traced
back over a period of one half billion years: </S>There is . . .
a clear phylogenetic pathway from lampreys to mammalian
quadrupeds for the locomotor central pattern generator (CPG)</T>
(p. 160). She points out that </S>With the evolution of more sophisticated
and versatile vertebrates, more levels of control have been
added to an increasingly more sensitive and labile CPG co-
ordinating system.</T> She concludes, however, that </S>In this
view the basic locomotor CPG need change very little to ac-
commodate the increasing demands natural selection placed
Cohen, A. H. (1988) Evolution of the vertebrate central pattern generator for
locomotion. In: Neural control of rhythmic movements, ed. A. Cohen, S.
Rossignol & S. Grillner. Wiley. <[>aPFM]